Post-Hoc Pairwise Comparisons in R, To see if there is a statistically significant difference between the means of three or more independent groups, a one-way ANOVA is utilized. The following null and alternative hypotheses...
Removing Missing values in R, To return values in R that are not NA values, use the following syntax. Removing Missing values in R Only values that aren’t NA are returned. x <- x[!is.na(x)]...
Wide To Long Form data in R, To pivot a data frame from a wide to a long format, use the pivot longer() function from the tidyr package in R. The following is the...
Lowess Smoothing in R, The term “locally weighted scatterplot smoothing” is used in statistics to describe the process of creating a smooth curve that matches the data points in a scatterplot. The lowess() function...
Median of Numbers, In statistics, the median is the middle value of a set of data when ordered in a certain order. Data or observations might be arranged in ascending or descending order. Median...
Select Columns by Index Using dplyr, To pick data frame columns by index position in dplyr, use the following basic syntax. Columns in specified index places can be selected. df %>% select(1,2, 4)...
Convert Numbers into Percentages in R, The percent() function from the scales package is the simplest way to format values as percentages in R. The syntax for this function is as follows. Convert Numbers...
How to Use do.call in R?. In R, you can use do.call() to apply a function to a whole list. How to Use do.call in R The following is the fundamental syntax for this...
paste & paste0 Functions in R to Concatenate Strings, To concatenate components in a vector into a single string, utilize R’s paste() and paste0() functions. paste & paste0 Functions in R to Concatenate Strings...
Area Under Curve in R, when the response variable is binary, we utilize logistic regression as a statistical method to fit a regression model. Area Under Curve in R The following two metrics can...